• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Process for the production of a subdivided material, solid at ambient temperature, which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a stock solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder , said method comprising the implementation of a device (1) for granulation which comprises at least two coaxial drums (4A, 4B) and a horizontal tread (6): a fixed inner drum (4B) having at least at least one orifice (5B) and a rotating outer drum (4A) having a plurality of orifices (5A), said method comprising at least: (i) heating a first composition (2) to a temperature at which it is fluid, (ii) introducing the first composition (2) in a fluid state into the inner drum (4B) of the granulation device, (iii) dispensing the first composition outwardly in the form of drops ( 7) through the holes (5 A) of the drum externally rotating ur (4A), (iv) the deposition of the drops (7) on the tread (6), and (v) optionally, the coating of the drops (7) by the second composition. Device for the manufacture of these materials
    公开号:FR3055568A1
    申请号:FR1658335
    申请日:2016-09-08
    公开日:2018-03-09
    发明作者:Soenke Schroeder；Mouhamad MOUAZEN
    申请人:Total Marketing Services SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Holder (s): TOTAL MARKETING SERVICES Public limited company.
    Extension request (s)
    Agent (s): INNOVATION COMPETENCE GROUP.
    PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF ROAD GRANULES OR SEALING BINDER AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME.
    USEFUL AS A BINDER
    FR 3 055 568 - A1
    167) Method for manufacturing a material in divided form, solid at room temperature, usable as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, this process comprising the implementation of a device (1) intended for granulation which comprises at least two coaxial drums (4A, 4B) and a horizontal tread (6): a fixed internal drum (4B) comprising at least one orifice (5B) and a rotary external drum (4A) comprising a plurality of orifices (5A), this method comprising at least:
    (i) heating a first composition (2) to a temperature at which it is fluid, (ii) introducing the first composition (2) in the fluid state into the internal drum (4B) of the device granulation, (iii) the distribution of the first composition to the outside in the form of drops (7) through the orifices (5 A) of the external rotary drum (4A), (iv) the deposition of the drops (7) on the tread (6), and (v) optionally, coating the drops (7) with the second composition. Device for manufacturing these materials.

    ICG70113FR Text Repository i
    PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF
    GRANULES FOR USE AS A ROAD BINDER OR BINDER
    SEALING DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING DEVICE
    The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a material in divided form, solid at room temperature, usable as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen composition / polymer, a clear binder. The material thus obtained has advantageous properties of resistance to compression and to creep during its transport and / or its storage at ambient temperature. The process is economical and applicable on an industrial scale. The invention also relates to a device for the manufacture of these materials.
    State of the prior art
    Numerous works have focused on the production of improved forms, easily forms which are easy to handle, divided, of materials used for the construction of pavements in order to facilitate their transport and their implementation. Another constraint during the formulation of these materials is to maintain their mechanical performance, in particular their resistance to heavy road loads, their resistance to aging.
    The vast majority of bitumen is used in construction, mainly for the manufacture of road pavements or in industry, for example for roofing applications. It is generally in the form of a highly viscous black material, even solid at room temperature, which becomes fluid when heated.
    In general, bitumen is stored and transported hot, in bulk, in tankers or by ships at high temperatures in the range of 120 ° C to 160 ° C. However, the storage and transport of hot bitumen has certain disadvantages. On the one hand, the transport of hot bitumen in liquid form is considered to be dangerous and it is highly regulated from a regulatory point of view. This mode of transport does not present any particular difficulties when the transport equipment and infrastructure are in good condition. Otherwise, it can become problematic: if the tanker is not sufficiently insulated, the viscosity of the bitumen may increase during a journey that is too long. Bitumen delivery distances are therefore limited. On the other hand, keeping the bitumen at high temperatures in the tanks or in the tankers consumes energy. In addition,
    ICG70113FR Text deposit Maintaining the bitumen at high temperatures for a long period of time may affect the properties of the bitumen and thus change the final performance of the asphalt mix.
    To overcome the problems of transport and storage of hot bitumen, packaging allowing the transport and storage of bitumen at room temperature has been developed. This mode of transporting bitumen in room temperature packaging represents only a small fraction of the quantities transported in the world, but it corresponds to very real needs for geographic regions of difficult and expensive access by traditional means of transport.
    Examples of packaging include bitumens in the form of 10 granules transported and / or stored in bags, often used in places where the ambient temperature is high. These granules have the advantage of being easy to handle.
    The same difficulty is encountered with pitches and bituminous compositions comprising them, clear binders, bitumen / polymer compositions, in particular the stock solutions of bitumen / polymer compositions.
    US 3,026,568 describes a process for manufacturing bitumen granules covered with a powdery material, such as limestone powder. Bituminous material is extruded through a nozzle in an atomization tower. This process only allows it to be used with mineral powders and in quantities that are not compatible with industrial production. Another disadvantage lies in the fact that the coating of the granules can be carried out only by dusting.
    Application WO2009 / 153324 describes bitumen granules produced by coextrusion of a bitumen base and of a polymeric anti-caking composition, in particular polyethylene.
    Application US 2011/0233105 describes solid asphalt at room temperature in the form of granules comprising a core and a coating layer, these granules being formed by extrusion through a die.
    The disadvantage of the processes described below is the implementation of an extrusion step which is limiting from the point of view of yield in order to produce industrially and at optimized costs road bitumen in divided and solid form at high ambient temperature. . In addition, this process is expensive and allows only low production rates.
    Document FR 2 998 896 describes a process for the production of bituminous composition granules. The granules are formed by cutting by shearing. This process has the drawback of not being able to be applied under economically satisfactory conditions to high quantities of materials.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Document US Pat. No. 4,279,579 is known for an extrusion device making it possible, from a melt of material, to produce granules. However, this document does not describe any specific use of this equipment for the production of granules of materials which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition. , a clear binder. When such a device is used with a composition of this type, it has been observed that depending on the structure and operating parameters of this device, it was possible to obtain granules or an agglomerated mass of particles.
    The Applicant has therefore sought to develop a process for manufacturing granules of materials which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder. , in particular bitumen granules, capable of being subjected to high ambient temperatures without creeping, in particular of materials, in particular bitumens, in the form of granules whose adhesion and agglomeration during their transport and / or storage and / or handling at high ambient temperature is reduced compared to the granules of the prior art. Attempts have been made to develop a process which can be extrapolated to high quantities of material, which is economical, reproducible and which can be implemented without difficulty on an industrial scale.
    An objective of the present invention is to provide a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, in particular a road bitumen , transportable and / or storable and / or manipulated at high ambient temperature, and whose properties are preserved over time.
    In particular, the aim of the present invention is to provide a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, in particular a road bitumen, transportable and / or storable for a period greater than 2 months, preferably 3 months, and at elevated ambient temperature, in particular at a temperature below
    100 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 80 ° C.
    Another objective of the invention is to provide a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, in particular a bitumen road, easy to handle, especially at high ambient temperature, in particular at a temperature up to 100 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 80 ° C.
    In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a
    ICG70113FR Dépôt Texte stock solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, in particular a road bitumen, easily handled after a prolonged period of transport and / or storage at high ambient temperature, in particular during a period of transport and / or storage greater than 2 months, preferably greater than 3 months, and at a temperature of up to 100 ° C, preferably between 20 ° C and 80 ° C.
    An objective of the present invention is to provide a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, in particular a road bitumen , in a form that allows its flow in solid form at room temperature, so that it can be handled without loss of material. Attempts have been made to provide a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, in particular a road bitumen, which is under a form making it possible to condition it in a package, to uncondition it, to transfer it to equipment, even at a high ambient temperature, without the need to heat it, and without loss of material. The material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, in particular the proposed bitumen, is in divided form and solid at room temperature so that that it makes it possible to satisfactorily resolve the problems mentioned above.
    Another objective is to propose an industrial and economical process for manufacturing a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, especially road bitumen, transportable and / or storable at room temperature.
    Another objective of the invention is to propose an industrial and economical process for manufacturing asphalt mixes from transportable and / or storable road bitumen.
    Another objective of the invention is to propose an ecological and economical method for transporting and / or storing and / or handling a material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder, in particular a road bitumen, at ambient temperature, making it possible to avoid the use of additional means for maintaining the temperature of said material during transport and / or storage and / or handling and minimizing the presence of waste and / or residue.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Summary of the invention
    The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a material usable as a road binder or as a sealing binder, solid at room temperature in the form of granules comprising a core based on a first composition and optionally a coating layer based on a second composition, the first composition comprising at least one material chosen from: a bitumen base, a pitch, a clear binder, this process comprising the implementation of a device for granulation which comprises at least two coaxial drums and a strip horizontal rolling: a fixed internal drum comprising at least one orifice and a rotary external drum comprising a plurality of orifices, the drums being placed above one end of the tread, horizontal, driven by a speed Vr, this process comprising at least:
    (i) heating the first composition to a temperature at which it is fluid, (ii) introducing the first composition in the fluid state into the interior drum of the granulation device, (iii) dispensing the first composition to the outside, in the form of drops through the orifices of the external rotary drum, (iv) depositing the drops on the tread, and (v) optionally, coating the drops with the second composition.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises, after step (iv) between steps (iv) and (v), a step (iv ’) of cooling the drops of the first composition.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the cooling (iv ’) is carried out by means of a temperature gradient on the tread.
    According to a still preferred embodiment, the tread is conditioned at different temperatures over several sections (SI), ... (Si) of its course, with i an integer ranging from 2 to 8, preferably from 2 to 4 by means of thermal conditioning.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the tread is conditioned at room temperature on a first section (SI) of its course, and at a temperature less than or equal to 20 ° C, preferably less than or equal to 15 ° C, on a second section S2.
    Text repository
    According to a still more preferred embodiment, the ratio of the length of the first section (SI) to the length of the second section (S2) ranges from 25/75 to 75/25.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the rotary external drum of the device has orifices of diameter ranging from 2 to 8 mm, preferably from 3 to 7 mm, even better from 3.5 to 6 mm.
    According to a preferred embodiment, in step (i) the first composition is brought to a temperature ranging from 100 to 180 ° C, preferably from 120 to 160 ° C, even better from 130 to 150 ° C.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the speed Vr of the tread is less than 4 m / min.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises after step (v) at least one step (vi) of drying the coated granules, preferably at a temperature ranging from 20 to 60 ° C, for a period ranging from 5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 2 hours.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder is chosen from: a bitumen composition, a pitch, a clear binder, a bitumen / polymer mother solution, a clear binder / polymer mother solution .
    According to a preferred embodiment, the first composition comprises at least one material chosen from: a bitumen base, a pitch, a clear binder, a bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder / polymer composition, a bitumen / polymer mother solution; a clear binder / polymer stock solution; a mixture of these materials.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the second composition comprises at least one anti-caking compound.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the anti-caking compound is chosen from:
    talc; fines generally with a diameter of less than 125 µm, such as siliceous fines, with the exception of limestone fines; sand such as Fontainebleau sand; cement ; carbon; wood residues such as lignin, lignosulfonate,
    ICG70113FR Dépôt Texte powders of conifer needles, powders of conifer cones, especially pine; rice husk ash; glass powder; clays such as kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite; alumina such as alumina hydrates; silica; silica derivatives such as silica fumes, functionalized silica fumes, in particular hydrophobic or hydrophilic silica fumes, fumed silicas, in particular hydrophobic or hydrophilic fumed silicas, silicates, silicon hydroxides and silicon oxides ; plastic powder; lime; the plaster ; rubber blowing snow; polymer powder, such as styrene-butadiene copolymers (SB), styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBS) and mixtures of these materials.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the second composition comprises at least 10% by mass of one or more viscosifying compounds relative to the total mass of the second composition.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the viscosifying compound has a dynamic viscosity greater than or equal to 50 mPa.s ' 1 , preferably from 50 mPa.s' 1 to 550 mPa.s ' more preferably from 80 mPa.s' 1 at 450 mPa.s' 1 , the viscosity being a Brookfield viscosity measured at 65 ° C.
    According to a still preferred embodiment, the viscosifying compound is chosen from:
    - gelling compounds, preferably of plant or animal origin, such as gelatin, agar-agar, alginates, cellulose derivatives, starches, modified starches and gellan gums;
    - polyethylene glycols (PEG) such as PEG having a molecular weight of between 800 g.mol ' 1 and 8000 g.mol'1;
    - mixtures of such compounds.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the second composition comprises from 10 to 90% by mass of one or more anti-caking compounds relative to the total mass of the second composition, preferably from 15 to 90% by mass, and from 10 to 90% by mass of at least one viscosifying compound relative to the total mass of the second composition, preferably from 10 to 85% by mass.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the second composition essentially consists of one or more anti-caking compounds.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    According to a preferred embodiment, the bitumen base has a penetration to the needle measured at 25 ° C according to standard EN 1426 from 5 to 330 1/10 mm, preferably from 20 to 220 1/10 mm.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the first composition also comprises at least one chemical additive chosen from: an organic compound, a paraffin, a polyphosphoric acid and their mixtures.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the first composition comprises:
    - from 30 to 40% of at least one polymer,
    - from 4 to 6% of at least one compatibilizing agent,
    - from 3% to 15% of at least one anti-caking agent, the percentages being by mass relative to the total mass of the first composition.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the first composition has a ball and ring softening temperature (TBA) greater than or equal to 90 ° C., the TBA being measured according to standard EN 1427.
    According to a preferred embodiment, the first composition has a penetration to the needle measured at 25 ° C according to standard EN 1426 from 5 to 45 l / 10mm.
    The invention also relates to the use of the method as described above and below in detail, for manufacturing a composition of material usable as road binder or as coating binder, solid at room temperature, which has stability in transport and storage at a temperature ranging from 20 to 80 ° C for a period greater than or equal to 2 months, preferably greater than or equal to 3 months.
    The invention also relates to a device which can be used for implementing a method as described above and below in detail, which comprises at least: a first cylindrical drum disposed above the tread and capable of rotation about a longitudinal axis, said first drum comprising a plurality of first passages through the periphery of the drum, a second cylindrical drum coaxial with the first drum, comprising means allowing longitudinally to admit into said second drum mass to be extruded and comprising on a part of its wall a plurality of second passages
    ICG70113FR Text deposit directed towards the tread and aligned radially with said first passages, said wall portion being disposed adjacent to said first drum, said first drum being mounted to allow its continuous rotation through 360 ° around the longitudinal axis by relative to said second drum such that relative rotation between said drums sequentially produces misalignment and alignment of the first passages and second passages to allow the fluid mass to move radially outward through the passages aligned, and on the tread, this device further comprising:
    - a tank equipped with heating means, and stirring means,
    - an injection channel or several channels allowing the transfer of the composition contained in the reservoir inside the second drum through the intake means, this device being characterized in that it comprises:
    a reservoir into which an additive composition can be introduced, the reservoir being connected to the injection channel through an injector and allowing an injection of the additive composition into the bitumen composition at the level of the injection, located downstream of the tank and upstream of the double drum.
    Figures
    Figure 1: schematic representation of a device 1 according to the invention
    Figure 2: sectional view of part of the operation of the double drum 4 in the device 1 of the invention
    Figure 3: schematic perspective representation of the tanks and material injection means of a device 1 according to the invention
    detailed description
    The objectives which the applicant has set for itself have been achieved by forming drops of compositions of material usable as a road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a stock solution for composition. bitumen / polymer, a clear binder, in particular bitumen, by means of a specific granulation device, this device making it possible to form the core of the core / shell structures, under conditions which are reproducible, extrapolable on a large scale, economical and provide granules having improved properties compared to granules of the same materials known from the prior art.
    The expression "between X and Y" includes the limits. This expression therefore means that the target interval includes the values X, Y and all the values going from X to Y.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    By "ambient temperature" is meant the temperature resulting from the climatic conditions in which the material usable as a road binder or as a sealing binder, in particular road bitumen, is transported and / or stored. More specifically, the ambient temperature is equivalent to the temperature reached during the transport and / or storage of the material usable as a road binder or as a sealing binder, in particular road bitumen, it being understood that the ambient temperature implies that no contribution of heat is provided other than that resulting from climatic conditions.
    The invention relates to materials which can be used as road binder or as waterproofing binder, in particular bitumens liable to be subjected to a high ambient temperature, in particular a temperature up to 100 ° C., preferably 20 °. C at 80 ° C.
    By “material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder” is meant within the meaning of the present invention any material capable of being used for this use, and in particular: bitumen bases, bitumen / polymer compositions, compositions bitumen additives, pitches, bitumen-polymer mother solutions, clear binders, mother solutions clear-polymer binder, mixtures of these materials in all proportions.
    By “solid material at room temperature” is meant a material having a solid appearance at ambient temperature whatever the transport and / or storage conditions. More specifically, the term solid material at room temperature means a material which retains its solid appearance throughout transport and / or storage at room temperature, that is to say a material which does not flow at room temperature under its own weight and moreover, which does not creep when it is subjected to pressure forces resulting from the conditions of transport and / or storage.
    By “bitumen solid at room temperature” is meant a bitumen having a solid appearance at room temperature whatever the transport and / or storage conditions. More specifically, the term solid bitumen at room temperature means a bitumen which retains its solid appearance throughout transport and / or storage at room temperature, that is to say a bitumen which does not flow at room temperature under its own weight and moreover, which does not creep when it is subjected to pressure forces resulting from the conditions of transport and / or storage.
    By “coating layer covering all in part of the surface of the heart” is meant that the coating layer covers at least 90% of the surface of the heart, preferably at least 95% of the surface of the heart, more preferably at least 99% of the surface of the heart.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    The expression “consists essentially of” followed by one or more characteristics, signifies that may be included in the process or the material of the invention, in addition to the components or steps explicitly listed, components or steps which do not significantly modify the properties and characteristics of the invention.
    The method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain granules of material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, in particular of bitumen, a solid comprising a coating layer which is resistant to climatic conditions and to transport and / or storage of road binders and / or sealing binders, in particular which is resistant to climatic conditions and to the conditions of transport and / or storage of solid road bitumen, which easily breaks under a mechanical shearing effect, such as for example under the effect of mechanical shearing applied in a tank such as a kneader or a drum-kneader during the manufacture of asphalt.
    More particularly, the coating layer resists the transport and / or storage of road binders and / or sealing binders, in particular bitumen, at room temperature in “Big Bags” while being brittle under the effect of '' mechanical shear. It thus allows the release of the bitumen core during the manufacture of asphalt.
    The process:
    The method of the invention is implemented by means of a device which is shown in Figures 1 to 3 and which is illustrated by the production of a bitumen composition. However, the process could be implemented, with simple adaptations of the parameters, to other compositions such as pitches, clear binders, stock solutions or mixtures of such compositions in all proportions.
    Part of the device as described in FIG. 1 is described in great detail in US Pat. No. 4,279,579. Different models of this device are commercially available from the company Sandvik under the trade name of Rotoform. This device 1 comprises a reservoir 11 equipped with heating means (not shown), and stirring means 13, making it possible to bring the container of the reservoir 11, a composition of bitumen 2, to the fluid state. Depending on the additives possibly present in the bitumen base, the first composition 2 is brought to a selected temperature to avoid degrading said additives. A channel or several injection channels 3 allows (tent) the transfer of the fluid bitumen composition 2 inside the double pastillation drum 4. As described in the patent
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    US 4 279 579, the injection of the bitumen composition 2 inside the double pastillation drum 4 is done, as shown in FIG. 3, through intake means 17 placed at a lateral end 18 of the drum 4. In an innovative way, the device of the invention further comprises a reservoir 14 in which an additive composition 15 is placed. This reservoir 14 is connected to the injection channel 3 through an injector 16 and allows a injection of the additive composition 15 into the bitumen composition 2 at the level of the channel 3, located downstream of the tank 11 and upstream of the double drum 4. In fact, certain additives degrade when they are stored hot in a bitumen composition and their introduction into the tank
    11 would destroy them before the bitumen composition 2 has reached the double pastillation drum 4. Other additives decant on storage and lead to the formation of an inhomogeneous composition. Also, the presence of an additive reservoir 14 equipped with an injector 16 opening into the injection channel 3 overcomes these difficulties and introduces into the pelletizing drum 4 a composition of bitumen 2, of sufficient composition stable over time and sufficiently homogeneous to form the granules of the desired composition. The tableting drum 4 comprises a fixed internal drum or stator 4B equipped with heating means (not shown) making it possible to maintain composition 2, optionally additive, in the fluid state. It comprises a rotary external drum 4A, the two drums being equipped with slots, nozzles and orifices allowing the pastillation of bitumen drops 7 through the first fixed drum and orifices 5 of the rotary external drum. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the first fixed drum 4B can comprise a longitudinal slot 5B and the second rotary drum 4A has orifices 5A of substantially identical size, aligned regularly, as illustrated in US Pat. No. 4,279,579. D Other arrangements of the orifices of the two drums are possible. Under the effect of the substantially homogeneous internal pressure inside the double drum 4 of the device 1, when the orifices 5B and 5A of the two drums are facing one another, the drops 7 are pelletized in a regular manner through said orifices 5 and thus have substantially uniform sizes. The bitumen drops 7 are deposited on the upper face 6A of a horizontal tread 6, driven by the rollers 12A and 12B, and one end of which is placed under the double drum 4. The dimensions of the orifices 5 of the external drum rotary allow to control the size of the bitumen drops 7. For example the orifices 5A can consist of substantially circular orifices with a diameter of 4 mm. The tangential speed Vt of the double drum 4 is parallel to the tread 6 and in the same direction as the speed Vr of the tread 6. The speed Vr of the tread 6 is adapted to allow deposition of the drops
    ICG70113EN Text deposit regular and at a sufficient distance from each other to avoid agglomeration or coalescence of the drops 7. Vr and Vt are substantially identical. For example, a speed Vt = 3 m / minute gives satisfactory results. The tread 6 is equipped with a first thermal conditioning device 8 over a first section S1 of its length and with a second thermal conditioning device 9 over a second section S2 of its length. The packaging allows progressive cooling and solidification of the bitumen drops 7. The thermal conditioning means can consist of nozzles 8, 9 for vaporizing a fluid, such as water, on the lower face 6B of the strip. bearing 6, at a chosen temperature. For example, the section SI over a length of 5 m conditions the tread 6 at room temperature (22-28 ° C), and the section S2, over a length of 5 m also, cools the tread to 20 ° C or at 15 ° C. According to a variant, the tread 6 can be equipped with a greater number (for example 3, 4, 5, 6) of successive thermal conditioning devices so as to control the temperature of the tread 6, section by section, more finely. The tread 6 can have any dimensions adapted to allow the deposition and progressive cooling of the bitumen drops 7. For example, the tread 6 can have a length of 10 m and a width of 60 cm. The dimensions of the tread 6 are adapted in particular as a function of the dimensions of the double drum 4 (width of the double drum 4 in particular), the quantities of material to be treated, the desired temperature gradient. At the end of the tread opposite the double drum 4, the bitumen drops 7 are transferred to receiving means 10 which may consist, for example, of a storage device, such as “big bags”, a device for coating, or a second tread allowing their transfer to a processing equipment such as a coating equipment for bitumen drops 7. Preferably, the bitumen drops 7 are transferred to a coating device (not shown ) such as a coating device by dipping, spraying or any other suitable device, depending on the coating composition chosen.
    The bitumen drops 7 are prepared from a first composition comprising at least one material chosen from: a bitumen base, a pitch, a clear binder, their mixtures. Preferably said first composition comprises at least one or more bitumen bases. The process of the invention can comprise, after the step of depositing the drops 7 on the tread 6 and before an optional coating step, a step (iv ') of cooling the drops 7 of the first composition 2. This cooling can be done by any means known to those skilled in the art such as storage at a low temperature, blowing cold air, etc.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    The method of the invention also optionally comprises coating the drops with the second composition. This coating can optionally be followed by drying of the coated granules at a temperature ranging from 20 to 60 ° C., for a period ranging from 5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably from 5 minutes to 2 hours.
    Preferably, during the implementation of the process of the invention, the mass ratio of the coating composition (second composition) relative to the mass of the first composition comprising the bitumen base, optionally additive, forming the core is from 0.1 to 1, advantageously from 0.2 to 0.9.
    According to a first embodiment of the invention, the coating composition, or second composition, comprises one or more anti-caking compounds.
    According to a second embodiment of the invention, the coating composition, or second composition, comprises at least one viscosifying compound and at least one anti-caking compound.
    The viscosifying compound and the anti-caking compound are as described below.
    These different coatings can be used regardless of the chemical nature of the first composition, they are particularly suitable for bitumen compositions. If necessary, a person skilled in the art knows how to adapt the second coating composition according to the nature of the first composition to produce an optimized result.
    The granules:
    According to the invention, the material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, in particular bitumen, which is solid at ambient temperature, is packaged in a divided form, that is to say in the form of small units, which are called granules or particles, comprising a core based on bitumen or pitch or clear binder, or a mixture of these components (first composition) and optionally an envelope or shell or coating or coating layer or coating (second composition).
    Preferably, the granules of material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, in particular of solid bitumen, according to the invention can have, within the same population of granules, one or more shapes chosen from a cylindrical, spherical shape. or ovoid. The size of the granules is such that the longest average dimension is preferably 2 to 8 mm, preferably 3 to 7 mm, more preferably 3.5 to 6 mm. The size of the granules can vary according to the dimensions of the orifices of the rotary drum used. Generally, all ports
    ICG70113FR Text deposit of the rotary drum are of substantially identical dimensions, however, provision can be made to vary these dimensions.
    Preferably, the granules of material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, in particular of bitumen, according to the invention have a weight of between 0.1 g and 50 g, preferably between 0.2 g and 10 g, more preferably between 0.2 g and 5 g.
    First variant:
    According to a first variant, the granules of material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder are prepared from a first bitumen composition comprising one or more bitumen bases.
    Preferably, the bitumen granules are prepared from a first bitumen composition comprising:
    - one or more bitumen bases,
    from 0.1% to 5% by mass, preferably from 0.5% to 4% by mass, more preferably from 0.5% to 2.5% by mass of at least one chemical additive, the percentages being by mass relative to the total basic bitumen mass.
    The bitumen base and the chemical additive are as described below.
    Preferably, the bitumen granules are prepared from a first bitumen composition comprising:
    - one or more bitumen bases,
    from 0.1% to 5% by mass, preferably from 0.5% to 4% by mass, more preferably from 0.5% to 2.5% by mass of at least one chemical additive and,
    - from 0.5% to 20% by mass, preferably from 2% to 20% by mass, more preferably from 4% to 15% by mass of at least one anti-caking agent, the percentages being by mass relative to to the total basic bitumen mass.
    According to another preferred embodiment, the granules are prepared from a first composition comprising:
    - one or more bitumen bases,
    between 0.1% and 5% by mass, preferably between 0.5% and 4% by mass, more preferably between 0.5% and 2.5% by mass of at least one chemical additive,
    - And between 0.05% and 15% by mass, preferably between 0.1% and 10% by mass, more preferably between 0.5% and 6% by mass of at least one olefinic polymeric adjuvant, the percentages being by mass relative to the total basic bitumen mass.
    According to another preferred embodiment, the granules are prepared from a first composition comprising:
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    - one or more bitumen bases,
    - from 30 to 40% of at least one polymer,
    - from 4 to 6% of at least one compatibilizing agent,
    - from 3% to 15% of at least one anti-caking agent, the percentages being by mass relative to the total mass of the first composition.
    Optionally, the bitumen granules are prepared from a first composition of road bitumen and covered with a second composition comprising at least one anti-caking agent. This type of granule has a core / shell structure, also called core / coating layer.
    According to this embodiment, the granules comprise, or better still, are essentially composed:
    - from a heart prepared from a first composition,
    - a coating layer prepared from a second composition comprising at least one anti-caking compound.
    The bitumen granules are covered with anti-caking agent T according to any known method, for example according to the method described in document US 3,026,568.
    According to a third embodiment, the bitumen granules are prepared from a first composition of road bitumen and covered with a second composition comprising at least one anti-caking agent and at least one viscosifying agent. According to this embodiment, the granules comprise, or better still are essentially composed of:
    - from a heart prepared from a first composition,
    - a coating layer prepared from a second composition comprising at least one viscosifying compound and at least one anti-caking compound.
    The different coating layers can be combined with all 30 variants of the first compositions.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the solid bitumen granules may further comprise one or more other coating layers, based on anti-caking agent covering all or part of the coating layer of the solid bitumen according to the invention.
    Advantageously, the different embodiments described above for the granules can be combined with one another.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Second variant:
    According to a second variant, the granules of material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, are prepared from a first composition comprising at least one pitch.
    According to a first embodiment, the granules consist of a first composition based on pitch.
    According to a second embodiment, the granules consist of a first composition based on pitch and at least one bitumen base.
    According to a first embodiment of this third variant, the first composition comprises at least one pitch having a penetration at 25 ° C ranging from 0 to 20 1/10 mm, a ball and ring softening temperature (TBA) ranging from 115 ° C to 175 ° C, it being understood that the penetrability is measured according to the EN standard
    1426 and that the TBA is measured according to standard EN 1427.
    According to a second embodiment of this third variant, the first composition comprises:
    - at least one pitch having a penetrability at 25 ° C ranging from 0 to 20 1/10 mm, a softening temperature ball and rings (TBA) ranging from 115 ° C to 175 ° C, it being understood that the penetrability is measured according to the EN 1426 standard and that the TBA is measured according to the EN 1427 standard,
    - at least one bitumen base, and
    - at least one chemical additive.
    Advantageously, the invention relates to pitch granules covered on at least part of their surface with an anti-caking agent as defined below, preferably over their entire surface.
    Preferably, the mass of anti-caking agent T covering at least part of the surface of the pitch granules is between 0.2% and 10% by mass, preferably between 0.5% and 8% by mass, more preferably between 0.5% and 5% relative to the total mass of the pitch.
    Advantageously, the mass of anti-caking T covering at least part of the surface of the pitch granules is approximately 1% by mass relative to the total mass of the pitch.
    Preferably, the layer of anti-caking agent covering the pitch granules according to the invention is continuous so that at least 90% of the surface of said
    Text granules deposit is covered with an anti-caking agent, preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 99%.
    Third variant:
    According to a third variant, the granules of material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, are prepared from a first composition comprising at least one clear binder.
    Conventional bituminous binders, due to the presence of asphaltenes, are black in color and therefore difficult to color. Colored coatings are used more and more because they allow, among other things, to improve the safety of road users by clearly identifying specific lanes such as pedestrian lanes, bicycle paths, bus lanes. They also make it possible to materialize certain danger zones such as built-up areas or dangerous turns. The colored coatings promote visibility in low light conditions, for example at night or in particular sites such as tunnels. Finally, they simply improve the aesthetic appearance of urban roads and can be used for public places, courtyards of buildings and schools, sidewalks, pedestrian streets, alleys of gardens and parks , parking and rest areas.
    Consequently, for all the abovementioned applications, it is preferred to use clear synthetic binders, not containing asphaltenes and capable of being colored.
    According to this variant, the first composition comprises at least one clear binder.
    Advantageously, the first composition comprises at least one base of clear binder and at least one chemical additive chosen from an organic compound, a paraffin, a polyphosphoric acid and their mixtures.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the first composition comprises from 0.1% to 5% by mass, preferably from 0.5% to 4% by mass, more preferably from 0.5% to 2.5% by mass of said chemical additive relative to the total mass of said clear additive binder.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the first composition comprises
    - at least one base of clear binder,
    - between 5% and 30% by mass, preferably between 6% and 28% by mass, more preferably between 7% and 26% by mass of the chemical additive (s) relative to the total mass of said clear binder base.
    In this case, the first composition is called a concentrated clear binder.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    According to a preferred embodiment, the granules are prepared from a first composition comprising:
    - one or more clear binder bases,
    - from 30 to 40% of at least one polymer,
    - from 4 to 6% of at least one compatibilizing agent,
    - from 3% to 15% of at least one anti-caking agent, the percentages being by mass relative to the total mass of the first composition.
    The term “clear solid binder when cold and in divided form” means a clear binder solid at room temperature which is packaged in a divided form, that is to say in the form of units distinct from each other, which are names granules.
    The clear binder according to the invention is designated indifferently in the present description "clear binder solid when cold and in divided form" or "clear binder with additives".
    Preferably, the clear binder is a composition which can be used as a substitute for bitumen-based binders for the preparation, for example of colored bituminous mix. A clear binder is free of asphaltenes and can therefore keep the natural color of the aggregate with which it is mixed or be easily colored with pigments.
    As for the granules whose first composition comprises a bitumen base, the granules prepared from a first composition comprising at least one clear binder can be coated with a coating layer prepared from:
    - a second composition comprising at least one anti-caking compound, or
    - a second composition comprising at least one viscosifying compound and at least one anti-caking compound,
    Bitumen base
    Advantageously, the core or core of the solid bitumen granules according to the invention is prepared from a first composition, which is a composition of road bitumen, said first composition being prepared by bringing into contact:
    - one or more bitumen bases, and
    - optionally at least one chemical additive.
    Within the meaning of the invention, the terms “bitumen” and “road bitumen” are used, in an equivalent manner and independently of one another. By “bitumen” or “road bitumen”, we mean all bituminous compositions made up of one or more
    ICG70113FR Text deposit several bitumen bases and possibly including one or more chemical additives, said compositions being intended for road application.
    Among the bitumen bases which can be used according to the invention, mention may first of all be made of bitumens of natural origin, those contained in deposits of natural bitumen, natural asphalt or the tar sands and the bitumens obtained from the refining of crude oil . The bitumen bases according to the invention are advantageously chosen from bitumen bases originating from the refining of crude oil. The bitumen bases can be chosen from bitumen bases or mixtures of bitumen bases originating from the refining of crude oil, in particular bitumen bases containing asphaltenes or pitches. The bitumen bases can be obtained by conventional methods of manufacturing bitumen bases in a refinery, in particular by direct distillation and / or vacuum distillation of petroleum. These bitumen bases can be optionally visbreaked and / or deasphalted and / or air-rectified. It is common to carry out vacuum distillation of atmospheric residues from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil. This manufacturing process therefore corresponds to the succession of atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation, the feedstock feeding the vacuum distillation corresponding to atmospheric residues. These vacuum residues from the vacuum distillation tower can also be used as bitumens. It is also common to inject air into a feed usually consisting of distillates and heavy products from vacuum distillation of atmospheric residues from petroleum distillation. This process makes it possible to obtain a blown, or semi-blown or oxidized or air-rectified or partially air-rectified base.
    The different bitumen bases obtained by the refining processes can be combined with each other to obtain the best technical compromise. The bitumen base can also be a bitumen recycling base. Bitumen bases can be hard grade or soft grade bitumen bases.
    According to the invention, for the conventional methods for manufacturing bitumen bases, the operation is carried out at manufacturing temperatures between 100 ° C and 200 ° C, preferably between 140 ° C and 200 ° C, more preferably between 140 ° C and 170 ° C, and with stirring for a period of at least 10 minutes, preferably between 30 minutes and 10 hours, more preferably between 1 hour and 6 hours. The term “manufacturing temperature” means the heating temperature of the bitumen base (s) before mixing, as well as the mixing temperature. The temperature and the duration of the heating vary according to the quantity of bitumen used and are defined by the NL standard.
    EN 12594.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    According to the invention, the blown bitumens can be manufactured in a blowing unit, by passing a flow of air and / or oxygen through a starting bituminous base. This operation can be carried out in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, for example phosphoric acid. Generally, the blowing is carried out at high temperatures, of the order of 200 to 300 ° C., for relatively long durations typically between 30 minutes and 2 hours, continuously or in batches. The blowing time and temperature are adjusted according to the properties targeted for the blown bitumen and according to the quality of the starting bitumen.
    Preferably, the bitumen base used to manufacture the granules of the invention has a needle penetration measured at 25 ° C according to standard EN 1426 from 5 to 330 1/10 mm, preferably from 20 to 220 1 / 10 mm.
    As is well known, the so-called “needle penetration” measurement is carried out by means of a standard test NF EN 1426 at 25 ° C. (P25) · This penetration characteristic is expressed in tenths of a millimeter (dmm or 1 / 10 mm). The needle penetration, measured at 25 ° C, according to the standard test NF EN 1426, represents the measurement of the penetration into a bitumen sample, after a time of 5 seconds, of a needle whose weight with its support is 100 g. The NF EN 1426 standard replaces the NF T 66-004 approved standard of December 1986 with effect from December 20, 1999 (decision of the Director General of AFNOR on November 20, 1999).
    The base of clear binder
    The term “clear binder base” is intended to mean compositions comprising a plasticizing agent, for example an oil of petroleum origin or of vegetable origin, a structuring agent, for example a hydrocarbon resin, and a polymer. The composition of the bases of clear binders determines certain essential properties of these binders, in particular the plasticity index, the viscosity of the binder, or the color which must be as clear as possible.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the clear binder base comprises:
    - a plasticizing agent, for example a natural or synthetic oil, devoid of asphaltenes,
    a structuring agent, for example a hydrocarbon or vegetable resin,
    - a copolymer,
    - where appropriate, doping agents, or dopes, or adhesion dopes.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Clear binder compositions are described in the following patent applications and these clear binder compositions can be used as a clear binder base in the present invention.
    As a clear binder base, a clear binder comprising hydrogenated white oils comprising at least 60% paraffinic carbons (according to the ASTM D2140 method) and a hydrocarbon resin can be used, if appropriate in mixture with copolymers of the ethylene type. vinyl acetate (EVA) or low density polyethylene, for example of the EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer) type, as described in WO 01/53409.
    As a clear binder base, a clear binder comprising an oil with a naphthenic content between 35% and 80% and a hydrocarbon resin can be used, as described in EP 1783174.
    As a clear binder base, a clear binder comprising a synthetic oil, a resin and a polymer of the SB S or SIS type can be used, as described in EP.
    1473327.
    A clear binder comprising:
    - at least one oil of petroleum origin, preferably an aromatic oil comprising aromatic extracts of petroleum residues, obtained by extraction or de-aromatization of distillation residues from petroleum fractions,
    at least one resin of plant origin, preferably chosen from rosin esters, glycerol esters and rosin esters, pentaerythritol esters and rosin esters, taken alone or as a mixture, and
    at least one latex, preferably chosen from latexes of acrylic polymers, natural rubber latexes, synthetic rubber latexes, taken alone or as a mixture, as described in WO 2009/150519.
    As a clear binder base, a clear synthetic binder can be used comprising:
    - at least one vegetable oil preferably chosen from rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, linseed, olive, palm, castor, wood, corn, squash, grapeseed oils , jojoba, sesame, walnut, hazelnut, almond, shea, macadamia, cotton, alfalfa, rye, safflower, peanut, coconut and copra, and mixtures thereof,
    at least one resin of petroleum origin, preferably chosen from resins of petroleum hydrocarbon origin originating from the copolymerization of aromatic, aliphatic, cyclopentadienic petroleum fractions taken alone or as a mixture and.
    Text repository
    at least one polymer, preferably chosen from styrene and butadiene copolymers, styrene and isoprene copolymers, ethylene / propene / diene terpolymers, polychloroprenes, ethylene and vinyl acetate copolymers, copolymers of ethylene and methyl acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and butyl acrylate, ethylene / methyl acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate, ethylene / butyl acrylate / maleic anhydride terpolymers, atactic polypropylenes , taken alone or in mixtures, the quantity of oil of vegetable origin in the binder being greater than or equal to 10% by mass and the quantity of polymer in the binder being less than or equal to 15% by mass, as described in WO 2010/055491.
    According to another embodiment of the invention, the clear binder base comprises:
    (i) a plasticizing agent consisting of an oil containing a total content of paraffinic compounds, measured according to the ASTM D2140 method, of at least 50%, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 80%, and (ii) a copolymer based on conjugated diene units and monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon units, for example based on butadiene unit and styrene units.
    Preferably, the oil is a synthetic oil obtained from deasphalting unit cuts (or "CAD oil").
    Preferably, the oil contains a total content of paraffinic compounds greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 60% by weight, and a total content of naphthenic compounds less than or equal to 25% by weight, measured according to the ASTM D2140 method.
    Preferably, the oil contains a total content of paraffinic compounds greater than or equal to 50%, preferably greater than or equal to 60% by weight, a total content of naphthenic compounds less than or equal to 25% by weight, and a total content in aromatic compounds less than or equal to 25% by weight, measured according to the ASTM D2140 method.
    For example, the oil contains a total content of paraffinic compounds, measured according to the ASTM D2140 method, of between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 80% by weight, a total content of naphthenic compounds of between 5%. and 25% by weight, and a total content of aromatic compounds of between 5% and 25% by weight.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Preferably, the oil has an aniline point, measured according to standard ISO2977: 1997, greater than or equal to 80 ° C, preferably greater than or equal to 90 ° C, for example greater than 100 ° C.
    Preferably, the clear binder base preferably comprises (i) from 40 to 80% by weight of plasticizing agent, (ii) from 20 to 50% by weight of resin, (iii) from 1 to 7% by weight copolymer; and, (iv) optionally from 0.05% to 0.5% by weight of adhesive dope, for example of amine, relative to the base weight of clear binder.
    Advantageously, the clear binder base preferably comprises (i) from 40 to 80% by weight of plasticizing agent, (ii) from 20 to 50% by weight of resin, (iii) from 1 to 7% by weight of copolymer ; and, (iv) from 0.05% to 0.5% by weight of adhesiveness dope, for example of amine, relative to the base weight of clear binder.
    Advantageously, the clear binder base also comprises (i) from 45% to 70% by weight of plasticizing agent, (ii) from 25 to 50% by weight of resin, (iii) from 1% to 7% by weight of copolymer; and, (iv) optionally 0.1% and 0.3% by weight of adhesive dope, relative to the total weight of clear binder base.
    Preferably, the clear binder base consists essentially of (i) from 40 to 80% by weight of plasticizing agent, (ii) from 20 to 50% by weight of resin, (iii) from 1 to 7% by weight of copolymer, based on the total base weight of clear binder.
    Advantageously, the clear binder base essentially consists of (i) from 40 to 80% by weight of plasticizing agent, (ii) from 20 to 50% by weight of resin, (iii) from 1 to 7% by weight of copolymer and (iv) from 0.05% to 0.5% by weight of dope of adhesiveness, relative to the total weight of base of clear binder.
    Advantageously, the clear binder base essentially also consists of (i) from 45% to 70% by weight of plasticizing agent, (ii) from 25 to 50% by weight of resin (iii)
    1% to 7% by weight of copolymer; and, (iv) 0.1% and 0.3% by weight of adhesion dope, based on the total weight of clear binder base.
    Preferably, the copolymer is a copolymer based on styrene and butadiene units which comprises a weight content of 1-2 butadiene ranging from 5 to 70%.
    Preferably, the copolymer is advantageously a copolymer based on styrene and butadiene units which comprises a content by weight of 1-2 butadiene ranging from 5 to 70% and a content by weight of 1,2-vinyl group of between 10 and 40 %.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    For example, said copolymer based on styrene and butadiene units has a weight-average molecular mass of between 10,000 and 500,000, preferably between 50,000 and 200,000, and more preferably between 50,000 and 150,000 daltons. Preferably, a styrene / butadiene block or styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymer will be used.
    The clear binders according to the invention are advantageously characterized in that they have a color index less than or equal to 4, preferably less than or equal to 3, as determined according to the ASTM DH4 scale.
    In addition, they can advantageously have a softening temperature Ball-Ring Temperature determined according to standard NF EN1427 of between 55 ° C and 90 ° C.
    Preferably, the clear binder usable according to the invention has a penetrability at 25 ° C, measured according to standard NF EN 1426, of between 10 and 220 1/10 mm, preferably between 30 and 100 1/10 mm, more preferably between 40 and 80 1/10 mm.
    A person skilled in the art can modulate the penetrability of the clear binder usable in the invention, in particular by judiciously choosing the weight ratio [structuring agent / plasticizing agent] in the composition of the clear binder base. Indeed, it is known that an increase in this ratio makes it possible to reduce the penetrability at 25 ° C.
    The clear binder bases used in the invention can be prepared for example according to the following process comprising the steps of:
    (i) mixing of the plasticizing agent, for example DAO oil, and heating to a temperature of between 140-200 ° C., for example from 10 minutes to 30 minutes, (ii) addition of the structuring agent, by example the hydrocarbon resin, mixing and heating at a temperature between 140-200 ° C, for example from 30 minutes to 2 hours, (iii) adding the polymer (s), for example SB S, mixing and heating at a temperature between 140-200 ° C, for example, from 90 minutes to 3 hours, preferably from 90 minutes to 2 hours 30, (iv) optional addition of a dope of adhesiveness, mixing and heating to a temperature between 140- 200 ° C, for example, from 5 minutes to 20 minutes.
    The order of steps (i) to (iv) can be changed.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the clear binder granules further comprise at least one coloring agent as described above, such as for example a pigment.
    In these embodiments, the anti-caking agent and / or the coloring agent will be chosen by the skilled person as a function of the color of the desired clear binder.
    The pitch
    According to the French dictionary, "pitch" is understood to mean a residue from the distillation of petroleum tar, petroleum, coal, wood or other organic molecules.
    The invention relates here to petroleum distillation residues, also called "oil pitch".
    For the purposes of the invention, the terms "pitch", "oil pitch" and "deasphalting pitch" will be used independently of one another.
    The pitches can be obtained by conventional refinery manufacturing methods. The manufacturing process corresponds to the succession of atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation. First, the crude oil is subjected to distillation at atmospheric pressure, which leads to the production of a gas phase, various distillates and an atmospheric distillate residue. Then, the residue from atmospheric distillation is itself subjected to distillation under reduced pressure, called vacuum distillation, which makes it possible to separate a heavy diesel, various cuts of distillais and a residue of vacuum distillation. This vacuum distillation residue contains "pitch oil" in varying concentrations.
    There are two ways to obtain "oil pitch":
    1st process:
    The vacuum distillation residue is subjected to a desalphating operation by the addition of an appropriate solvent, such as propane, which thus makes it possible to precipitate the pitch and to separate it from light fractions such as deapphalted oil.
    2 nd method:
    The vacuum distillation residue is subjected to solvent extraction, and more specifically to furfural. This heterocyclic aldehyde has the particularity of
    ICG70113EN Text deposit Selectively dissolve aromatic and polycyclic compounds. This process thus makes it possible to eliminate the aromatic extracts and to recover the "oil pitch".
    According to one embodiment, the pitch is an oxidized pitch.
    Preferably, the oxidized pitch according to the invention is obtained by oxidation of a mixture comprising pitch and a diluent, such as a light gasoline, also called “fluxing agent” subjected to an oxidation operation in a blowing tower in presence of a catalyst, at a fixed temperature and at a given pressure.
    For example, oxidized pitches can be manufactured in a blowing unit, by passing a flow of air and / or oxygen through a starting pitch. This operation can be carried out in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, for example phosphoric acid. Generally, the oxidation is carried out at high temperatures, of the order of 200 to 300 ° C, for relatively long periods typically between 30 minutes and 2 hours, continuously or in batches. The duration and the temperature of oxidation are adjusted according to the properties targeted for the oxidized pitch and according to the quality of the starting pitch.
    The mechanical qualities of pitches are generally assessed by determining a series of mechanical characteristics by standardized tests, the most widely used of which are the needle penetration expressed in 1/10 mm and the softening point determined by the ball and ring test. , also called ball and ring softening temperature (TB A).
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the pitch exhibits needle penetration at 25 ° C from 0 to 20 1/10 mm, preferably from 0 to 15 1/10 mm, more preferably from 0 to 10 1 / 10 mm, it being understood that the penetrability is measured according to standard EN 1426.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the pitch has a softening point between 115 ° C and 175 ° C. Among examples of pitches used in the invention, there are pitches having respectively a softening point between 115 ° C and 125 ° C, between 135 and 145 ° C or even between 165 and 175 ° C.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    The plasticizer
    By “plasticizing agent” is meant, within the meaning of the invention, a chemical constituent making it possible to fluidize and reduce the viscosity and the modulus of the binder obtained.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the plasticizing agent is chosen from oils of petroleum origin, oils of plant origin and their mixture.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oils of plant origin are chosen from rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, flax, olive, palm, castor, wood, corn, squash, grapeseed, jojoba, sesame, walnut, hazelnut, almond, shea, macadamia, cotton, alfalfa, rye, safflower, peanut, coconut and copra, and mixtures thereof.
    Preferably, the oils of plant origin are chosen from rapeseed, sunflower, linseed, coconut, soybean oils and their mixtures.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oils of petroleum origin are chosen from aromatic oils or oils of synthetic origin.
    Preferably, the aromatic oils comprise aromatic extracts of petroleum residues, obtained by extraction or dearomatization of residues from distillation of petroleum fractions.
    More preferably, the aromatic oils have a content of aromatic compounds of between 30 and 95% by weight, advantageously between 50 and 90% by weight, more advantageously between 60 and 85% by weight (SARA method: Saturated / Aromatic / Resins / Asphaltenes).
    More preferably, the aromatic oils have a content of saturated compounds of between 1 and 20% by weight, advantageously between 3 and 15% by weight, more advantageously between 5 and 10% by weight (SARA method: Saturated / Aromatic / Resins / Asphaltenes).
    More preferably, the aromatic oils have a content of resin compounds of between 1 and 10% by weight, advantageously between 3 and 5% by weight, (SARA method: Saturated / Aromatic / Resins / Asphaltenes).
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oils of synthetic origin are obtained from deasphalting cups for distillation under reduced pressure (residue under vacuum, RSV) of crude oil (hereinafter called "CAD oil").
    In particular, in a preferred embodiment, the plasticizing agent consists only of a CAD oil.
    The contents of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic compounds mentioned in the present application are determined according to standard ASTM D2140, in% by weight relative to the weight of the oil.
    In a specific embodiment, the plasticizing agent is an oil, for example a DAO oil, containing a total content of paraffinic compounds of at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, per example between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 90%, more preferably between 50% and 80% and in particular between 55% and 70% or in particular between
    60% and 75%.
    In a more specific embodiment, the plasticizing agent is an oil, for example a DAO oil, further containing a total content of naphthenic compounds which does not exceed 25%, for example between 5% and 25%, and in particular between 10% and 25%.
    In a more specific embodiment, the plasticizing agent is an oil, for example a DAO oil, further containing a total aromatic content which does not exceed 25%, for example between 5% and 25%, and particular between 8% and 18%.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment, the plasticizing agent is an oil, for example a DAO oil, comprising the respective contents:
    (i) a total content of paraffinic compounds of between 50% and
    90%;
    (ii) a total content of naphthenic compounds of between 5% and 25%, for example between 15% and 25%; and (iii) a total content of aromatic compounds of between 5% and 25%, for example between 10% and 15%.
    In a more particularly preferred embodiment, the plasticizing agent is an oil, for example a CAD oil, comprising the respective contents:
    ICG70113FR Text deposit (i) a total content of paraffinic compounds between 60% and 75%;
    (ii) a total content of naphthenic compounds of between 5% and 25%, for example between 15% and 25%; and (iii) a total content of aromatic compounds of between 5% and 25%, for example between 10% and 15%.
    Oils meeting the above characteristics and which can be used for the preparation of the clear binder according to the invention are obtained by the processes for deasphalting of residues under vacuum (RSV) originating from the refining of petroleum, for example by deasphalting using 'a C3 to C6 solvent, preferably propane. These deasphalting processes are well known to those skilled in the art and are described for example in Lee et al 2014, Fuel Processing Technology 119: 204-210: The residues resulting from vacuum distillation (RSV) are separated according to their molecular weight. in the presence of solvent C3 to C6 (for example propane). The oil called DAO (“deasphalted oil”) thus obtained is rich in paraffin, has a very low asphaltene content, has an evaporation temperature between 440 ° C and 750 ° C, and an API gravity much higher than that vacuum residues.
    The respective contents of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic compounds depend to a certain extent on the nature of the crude oil which produces the oil.
    CAD and the refining process used. A person skilled in the art knows how to determine the respective contents of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic compounds of a DAO oil for example using the SARA fractionation method also described in Lee et al 2014, Fuel Processing Technology 119: 204-210 and thus select the appropriate DAO oil for the preparation of the clear binder according to the invention.
    In one embodiment, the amount of plasticizer used in the process for preparing the clear binder base is from 40% to 80%, preferably from 45% to 70% by weight relative to the total weight of clear binder base.
    The structuring agent
    By "structuring agent" is meant any chemical constituent conferring mechanical properties and satisfactory cohesiveness to said binder.
    The structuring agent used in the context of the invention is a resin, preferably chosen from resins of petroleum hydrocarbon origin, for example obtained from the copolymerization of aromatic, aliphatic petroleum fractions,
    ICG70113FR Cyclopentadienic text deposit, taken alone or as a mixture, preferably from aromatic petroleum couples. For example, it can be a polycycloaliphatic thermoplastic resin, for example of the hydrogenated cyclopentadiene homopolymers type, with a low molecular weight.
    More particularly, the hydrocarbon resin of the cyclopentane type has a softening point (or ball-ring temperature, TB A, according to standard NF T 66008) greater than 125 ° C, and a Gardner color index (according to standard NF T 20030) equal to a maximum of 1.
    Other examples of resins usable as a structuring agent include, without being limiting, resins of vegetable origin obtained from plants and / or plants. They can be called harvest, that is to say harvested from the living plant. They can be used as such, we then speak of natural resins or be chemically transformed, we then speak of modified natural resins.
    Among the crop resins are addictive resins, dammar, natural rosins, modified rosins, rosin esters and metallic resins. These can be taken alone or as a mixture.
    Among the natural rosins, mention may be made of gemstones and wood rosins, in particular pine, and / or tall oil. These natural rosins can be taken alone or as a mixture.
    Among the modified rosins, mention may be made of hydrogenated rosins, disproportionated rosins, polymerized rosins and / or maleized rosins. These modified natural rosins can be taken alone or as a mixture, and undergo one or more disproportionation, polymerization and / or maleization treatments.
    Among the rosin esters, mention may be made of methyl esters of natural rosins, methyl esters of hydrogenated rosins, glycerol esters of natural rosins, glycerol esters of hydrogenated rosins, glycerol esters of disproportionated rosins, esters of glycerol and of rosins polymerized, esters of glycerol and of rosins maleized, esters of pentaerythritol and of natural rosins and esters of pentaerythritol and of hydrogenated rosins. These rosin esters can be taken alone or as a mixture and come from rosins having undergone one or more disproportionation, polymerization and / or maleization treatment.
    Esters of pentaerythritol and natural rosins and esters of pentaerythritol and hydrogenated rosins are the preferred rosin esters.
    Among the metallic resins, mention may be made of metallic carboxylates, for example of Ca, Zn, Mg, Ba, Pb, Co, obtained from natural rosins or from
    ICG70113FR Deposit Text rosins modified. Preferred are calcium resins, zinc resins, mixed calcium / zinc resins, taken alone or as a mixture.
    The weight ratio between the structuring agent and the plasticizing agent used for the preparation of the clear binder according to the invention is generally understood to be from 0.3 to
    1.5, for example from 0.5 to 1.
    In a specific embodiment, the amount of structuring agent used in the process for the preparation of the clear binder base is 25 to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the clear binder base.
    The polymer
    The polymer used in the process for preparing the first composition is a copolymer based on conjugated diene units and monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon units. The conjugated diene is preferably chosen from those comprising from 4 to 8 carbon atoms per monomer, for example butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene), 2,3-dimethyl-1,3- butadiene, 1,3pentadiene and 1,2-hexadiene, chloroprene, carboxylated butadiene, carboxylated isoprene, in particular butadiene and isoprene, and mixtures thereof.
    The aromatic monovinyl hydrocarbon is preferably chosen from styrene, o-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, p-tert-butyl styrene, 2,3 dimethylstyrene,
    Parmethyl styrene, vinyl naphthalene, vinyl toluene, vinyl xylene, and the like or mixtures thereof, in particular styrene.
    More particularly, the polymer consists of one or more copolymers chosen from block copolymers of styrene and butadiene, styrene and isoprene, styrene and chloroprene, styrene and butadiene carboxylate or even styrene and isoprene carboxylated. A preferred copolymer is a copolymer based on butadiene units and on styrene units such as the styrene / butadiene block copolymer SB or the styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymer SBS.
    The copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene, in particular the copolymer of styrene and butadiene, advantageously has a weight content of styrene ranging from 5 to 50%, preferably from 20 to 50%.
    The copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene, in particular the copolymer of styrene and butadiene, advantageously has a weight content of butadiene (1-2 and 1-4) ranging from 50 to 95%. The copolymer of styrene and conjugated diene, in
    ICG70113EN Deposit Specific text the copolymer of styrene and butadiene, advantageously has a weight content of 1-2 butadiene ranging from 5 to 70%, preferably from 5 to 50%. The butadiene units 1-2 are the units which result from the polymerization via the addition 12 of the butadiene units.
    The weight-average molecular mass of the copolymer of styrene and of conjugated diene, and in particular that of the copolymer of styrene and of butadiene, can be comprised, for example, between 10,000 and 500,000, preferably between 50,000 and 200,000 and more preferably from 50,000 to 150,000 daltons.
    In a specific embodiment, the total amount of polymer used in the process of the invention is 0.5 to 20% by mass, preferably 1 to 10%, preferably 1 to 7%, for example from 2% to 5% relative to the total mass of base bitumen base, or of clear binder.
    In another specific embodiment, the total amount of polymer used in the process of the invention is from 20% to 50% by mass, relative to the total mass of bitumen base, or relative to the total mass clear binder base.
    In this case, the first composition is called mother solution of bitumen / polymer composition or mother solution of clear binder / polymer composition. It is intended to be transported and stored in concentrated form, then diluted with the desired quantity of bitumen base or clear binder base just before its use as a road binder or as a coating binder. According to the invention, it is possible to form granules of mother bitumen solution or clear binder, so as to facilitate their transport and their hot storage as well as their handling.
    According to a variant of the invention, the polymer is chosen from micronized polymers. Preferably, according to this variant, the polymer has particles of diameter ranging from 250 to 1000 μm, preferably of diameter ranging from 400 to 600 μm.
    Compatibilizer
    Preferably, the compatibilizing agent is chosen from waxes, for example animal waxes, vegetable waxes, mineral waxes and their mixtures.
    Animal and vegetable waxes are mainly composed of mixtures of fatty acid derivatives (fatty acid esters) while mineral waxes are paraffinic derivatives.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Adhesive dopes
    To improve the reciprocal affinity between the binder and the aggregates and to ensure their durability, adhesiveness dopes can also be used in the first composition, in admixture with the other components, in particular the clear binder, or the bitumen base or the pitch. They are, for example, nitrogen-containing surfactant compounds derived from fatty acids (amines, polyamines, alkyl-polymane, etc.).
    When added to the first composition, the adhesion dopes generally represent between 0.05% and 0.5% by weight relative to the weight of clear binder or bitumen base or pitch. For example, in a specific embodiment, 0.05% to 0.5% of amine will be added, preferably 0.1% to 0.3% of amine relative to the total basic mass of clear binder or base bitumen or pitch.
    Coloring agents
    The clear synthetic binder can also comprise one or more coloring agents, such as mineral pigments or organic dyes. The pigments are selected according to the shade, the desired color for the coating. For example, metal oxides such as iron oxides, chromium oxides, cobalt oxides, titanium oxides will be used to obtain the colors red, yellow, gray, blue green or white. The pigments can be added, either in the clear binder or in the mix (in mixture with the aggregates for example) or in an emulsion of the clear binder.
    The chemical additive
    The bitumen base or the clear binder may also comprise at least one chemical additive chosen from: an organic compound, a paraffin, a polyphosphoric acid and their mixtures.
    In particular, when the solid material comprises at least one chemical additive, the latter is in an amount suitable so that its penetrability is preferably from 5 to 50 l / 10mm and / or that the ball and ring softening temperature (TBA) is , preferably, greater than or equal to 60 ° C, it being understood that the penetrability is measured at 25 ° C according to standard EN 1426 and the TBA according to standard EN 1427.
    According to a first embodiment of the invention, the chemical additive is an organic compound. Advantageously, the organic compound has a molar mass less than or equal to 2000 gmol ' 1 , preferably a molar mass less than or equal to 1000 gmol' 1 .
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    In this first embodiment, according to a first variant, the organic compound is a compound of general formula (I):
    Arl-R-Ar2 (I), in which:
    · Arl and Ar2 independently of one another represent a benzene ring or a system of condensed aromatic rings of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted by at least one hydroxyl group, and • R represents an optionally substituted divalent radical, of which the main chain comprises from 6 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one group chosen from the functions amide, ester, hydrazide, urea, carbamate, anhydride.
    Preferably, Arl and / or Ar2 are substituted by at least one alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, advantageously in one or more positions ortho with respect to the hydroxyl group (s), more preferably Arl and Ar2 are 3,515 dialkyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups, advantageously 3,5-di - / < / 7-butyl-4hydroxyphenyl groups.
    Preferably, R is in the para position with respect to a hydroxyl group of Arl and / or Ar2.
    Advantageously, the compound of formula (I) is 2 ’, 3-bis [(3- [3,5-di-tert-butyl20 4-hydroxyphenyl] propionyl)] propionohydrazide.
    According to a second variant of this first embodiment, the organic compound is a compound of general formula (II):
    R- (NH) „CONH- (X) m -NHCO (NH)„ - R '(II), in which,
    the groups R and R ′, which are identical or different, contain a saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon chain, comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted, and optionally comprising heteroatoms, rings and / or heterocycles;
    the group X contains a hydrocarbon chain, saturated or unsaturated, linear, cyclic or branched, comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted, and optionally comprising heteroatoms, rings and / or heterocycles;
    - n and m are integers having a value of 0 or 1 independently of each other.
    According to this variant, when the integer m has a value of 0, then the groupings
    R- (NH) n CONH and NHCO (NH) n -R 'are covalently linked by a bond
    ICG70113FR Text deposit hydrazide CONH-NHCO. The group R, or the group R ′, then comprises at least one group chosen from: a hydrocarbon chain of at least 4 carbon atoms, an aliphatic ring of 3 to 8 atoms, an aliphatic condensed polycyclic system, partially aromatic or entirely aromatic, each cycle comprising 5 or 6 atoms.
    Still according to this variant, when the integer has a value of 1, then the group R, the group R 'and / or the group X, comprises at least one group chosen from: a hydrocarbon chain of at least 4 carbon atoms , an aliphatic ring of 3 to 8 atoms, an aliphatic condensed polycyclic system, partially aromatic or entirely aromatic, each cycle comprising 5 or 6 atoms.
    Preferably, the group R and / or R ′ comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain of 4 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular, chosen from the groups C4H9, C5H11, C9H19, C11H23, C12H25, C17H35, C18H37, C21H43, C22H45.
    Preferably, the group X represents a linear, saturated hydrocarbon chain comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms. Preferably, the group X is chosen from the groups C2H4, C3H6.
    Preferably, the group X can also be a cyclohexyl group or a phenyl group, the radicals R- (NH) n CONH- and NHCO (NH) n -R'- can then be in the ortho, meta or para position. Furthermore, the radicals R- (NH) n CONH- and NHCO (NH) n -R'- can be in the cis or trans position relative to each other. In addition, when the radical X is cyclic, this ring can be substituted by other groups than the two main groups R- (NH) n CONH- and -NHCO (NH) n R '.
    Preferably, the group X comprises two cycles of 6 carbons linked by a CH 2 group, these cycles being aliphatic or aromatic. In this case, the group X is a group comprising two aliphatic rings linked by an optionally substituted CH 2 group, for example:
    Advantageously, according to this variant, the organic compound is a compound of general formula (II) chosen from hydrazide derivatives such as the compounds C5H41CONH-NHCO-C 5 Hn, C9H19-CONH-NHCO-C9H19, C11H23-CONH-NHCO-C11H23 ,
    Ci 7 H3 5 -CONH-NHCO-Ci7H 35 , or C21H43-CONH-NHCO-C21H43; diamides such as N, N'-ethylenededi (stearamide) of formula C17H35-CONH-CH2-CH2-NHCODeposit Text
    C17H35; and ureide derivatives such as 4,4′bis (dodecylaminocarbonylamino) diphenylmethane of formula C12H25-NHCONHC 6 H4-CH2-C 6 H4-NHCONH-Ci2H2 5 .
    According to a third variant of this embodiment, the organic compound is a compound of formula (III):
    (R-NHCO) X -Z- (NHCO-R ') y (III), in which,
    - R and R ’, identical or different, contain a saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon chain comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted, and optionally comprising heteroatoms, rings and / or heterocycles,
    - Z represents a tri-functionalized group chosen from the following groups:
    - x and y are different integers with a value varying from 0 to 3 and such that x + y = 3.
    Preferably, when x is equal to 0 and Z represents Z 2 , the compound of formula (III) is N2, N4, N6-tridecylmelamine having the following formula with R 'representing the group C9H49:
    Λ
    HN carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
    Other preferred compounds corresponding to formula (III) are such that: y is equal to 0 and Z represents Zi, the compounds then have the formula:
    Other preferred compounds corresponding to formula (III) are such that x is equal to
    0, Z represents Z 2 and R 'represents a saturated, linear hydrocarbon chain, from 1 to
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    with R chosen from the following groups, taken alone or as a mixture:
    Other preferred compounds corresponding to formula (III) are such that: y is equal to 0, Z represents Zi and R represents a saturated, linear hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably of 8 to 12 atoms of carbon.
    According to a fourth variant of this embodiment, the organic compound is a reaction product of at least one C3-C12 polyol and at least one C2-C12 aldehyde. Among the polyols which can be used, mention may be made of sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol and / or ribitol. Preferably, the polyol is sorbitol.
    Advantageously, according to this variant, the organic compound is a compound which comprises at least one function of general formula (IV):
    (IV)
    With:
    - x is an integer,
    - R is chosen from an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or C1-Cl1 aralkyl radical, optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms, one or more C1-C6 alkoxy groups.
    The organic compound is advantageously a derivative of sorbitol. By “sorbitol derivative” is meant any reaction product obtained from sorbitol. In particular, any reaction product obtained by reacting an aldehyde with Dsorbitol. By this condensation reaction, sorbitol acetals, which are
    ICG70113EN Filing Text of sorbitol derivatives. The 1,3: 2,4-Di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol is obtained by reacting 1 mole of D-sorbitol and 2 moles of benzaldehyde and has the formula:
    The sorbitol derivatives may thus be all the condensation products of aldehydes, in particular of aromatic aldehydes with sorbitol. We will then obtain sorbitol derivatives of general formula:
    where Ari and Ar 2 are optionally substituted aromatic rings.
    Among the sorbitol derivatives, other than 1,3: 2,4-Di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol, there can be found, for example, 1,3: 2,4: 5,6-tri-O-benzylidene- D-sorbitol, 2,4-mono-Obenzylidene-D-sorbitol, l, 3: 2,4-bis (p-methylbenzylidene) sorbitol, l: 3: 2,4-bis (3,4dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol, l, 3: 2,4-bis (p-ethylbenzylidene) sorbitol, l: 3: 2,4-bis (ppropylbenzylidene) sorbitol, l: 3: 2,4-bis (p-butylbenzylidene) sorbitol, l, 3: 2,4-bis (pethoxylbenzylidene) sorbitol, 1,3: 2,4-bis (p-chlorobenzylidene) sorbitol, 1,3: 2,4-bis (pbromobenzylidene) sorbitol, 1,3: 2,4-Di- O-methylbenzylidene-D-sorbitol, 1,3: 2,4-DiO-dimethylbenzylidene-D-sorbitol, l, 3: 2,4-Di-O- (4-methylbenzylidene) -D-sorbitol, l, 3: 2,4-Di-O- (4,3-dimethylbenzylidene) -D-sorbitol. Preferably, according to this variant, the organic compound is 1,3: 2,4-Di-O-benzylidene-D-sorbitol.
    According to a fifth variant of this embodiment, the organic compound is a compound of general formula (V):
    R ”- (COOH) Z (V), in which R” represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated chain comprising from 4 to 68 carbon atoms, preferably from 4 to 54 carbon atoms, more preferably from 4 to 36 carbon atoms and z is an integer varying from 2 to 4.
    Preferably, the group R '' is preferably a saturated linear chain of formula C w H 2w with w an integer varying from 4 to 22, preferably from 4 to 12.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    According to this variant of the invention, the organic compounds corresponding to formula (V) can be diacids (z = 2), triacids (z = 3) or tetracids (z = 4). The preferred organic compounds according to this variant are diacids with z = 2.
    Preferably, according to this variant, the diacids have the general formula
    HOOC-C w H 2w -COOH with w an integer varying from 4 to 22, preferably from 4 to 12 and where z = 2 and R = C w H 2w .
    Advantageously, according to this variant, the organic compound is a diacid chosen from adipic acid or 1,6-hexanedioic acid with w = 4, pimelic acid or 1,7-heptanedioic acid with w = 5, suberic acid or 1,8octanedioic acid with w = 6, azelaic acid or 1,9-nonanedioic acid with w = 7, sebacic acid or 1,10-decanedioic acid with w = 8, undecanedioic acid with w = 9 , 1,2-dodecanedioic acid with w = 10 or tetradecanedioic acid with w = 12.
    Advantageously, the diacid is sebacic acid.
    The diacids can also be dimer diacids of unsaturated fatty acid (s), that is to say dimers formed from at least one unsaturated fatty acid, for example from a single fatty acid unsaturated or from two different unsaturated fatty acids. The diacid dimers of unsaturated fatty acid (s) are conventionally obtained by intermolecular dimerization reaction of at least one unsaturated fatty acid (Diels Aider reaction for example). Preferably, a single type of unsaturated fatty acid is dimerized. They derive in particular from the dimerization of an unsaturated fatty acid in particular in Cg to C34, in particular in C12 to C 22 , in particular in Ci6 to C 2 o, and more particularly in Cig. A preferred fatty acid dimer is obtained by dimerization of linoleic acid, which can then be partially or completely hydrogenated. Another preferred fatty acid dimer has the formula HOOC (CH 2 ) 7-CH = CH- (CH 2 ) 7 -COOH. Another preferred fatty acid dimer is obtained by dimerization of methyl linoleate. Similarly, fatty acid triacids and fatty acid tetracids can be found, obtained respectively by trimerization and tetramerization of at least one fatty acid.
    According to a sixth variant of this embodiment, the organic compound is a compound of general formula (VI):
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    o (VI) in which,
    - the groups Y and Y 'independently of one another represent an atom or group chosen from: H, - (CH 2 ) q-CH3, - (CH 2 ) q-NH 2 , - (CH 2 ) qOH, - (CH 2 ) q-COOH or
    - (CH 2 ) q -NH- (CH 2 ) q - N.
    with q an integer varying from 2 to 18, preferably from 2 to 10, preferably from 2 to 4 and p an integer greater than or equal to 2, preferably having a value of 2 or 3.
    Among the preferred organic compounds corresponding to formula (VI), mention may be made of the following compounds:

    o

    nh 2
    o
    O
    NH
    Preferably, according to this variant, the organic compound of general formula (VI) is:
    nh 2
    O
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    According to a seventh variant of this embodiment, the organic compound is a compound of general formula (VII):
    R-NH-CO-CO-NH-R '(VII) in which, R and R', identical or different, represent a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, linear, branched or cyclic, comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms , preferably from 8 to 12 carbon atoms, optionally substituted, and optionally comprising heteroatoms, rings and / or heterocycles.
    According to another embodiment of the invention, the chemical additive is a paraffin. Paraffins have chain lengths of 30 to 120 carbon atoms (C30 to C120). The paraffins are advantageously chosen from polyalkylenes. Preferably, according to the invention, polymethylene paraffins and polyethylene paraffins will be used. These paraffins can be of petroleum origin or come from the chemical industry. Advantageously, the paraffins used are synthetic paraffins resulting from the conversion of biomass and / or natural gas.
    Preferably, these paraffins contain a large proportion of so-called “normal” paraffins, that is to say straight, straight chain, unbranched paraffins (saturated hydrocarbons). Thus, the paraffins can comprise from 50 to 100% of normal paraffins and from 0 to 50% of isoparaffins and / or branched paraffins. More preferably, the paraffins comprise from 85 to 95% of normal paraffins and from 5 to 15% of isoparaffins and / or branched paraffins. Advantageously, the paraffins comprise from 50 to 100% of normal paraffins and from 0 to 50% of isoparaffins. Even more advantageously, the paraffins comprise from 85 to
    95% normal paraffins and 5 to 15% isoparaffins.
    Preferably, the paraffins are polymethylene paraffins. More particularly, the paraffins are synthetic paraffins of polymethylene, for example paraffins resulting from the conversion of synthesis gas by the Fischer-Tropsch process. In the Fischer-Tropsch process, paraffins are obtained by reacting hydrogen with carbon monoxide on a metal catalyst. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis methods are described for example in the publications EP 1 432 778, EP 1 328 607 or EP 0 199 475.
    According to another embodiment of the invention, the chemical additive is a polyphosphoric acid. The polyphosphoric acids (PPA) which can be used in the invention are described in WO 97/14753. These are compounds of the raw formula PqHrOs in which q, r and s are positive numbers such as:
    q> 2 and in particular q goes from 3 to 20 or more and that 5q + r-2s = 0.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    In particular, said polyphosphoric acids can be linear compounds of crude formula PqH (q + 2 ) O (3q + i) corresponding to the structural formula:
    O
    Where q has the definition given above. They can also be products of two-dimensional or three-dimensional structure.
    All of these polyphosphoric acids can be considered as products of polycondensation by heating aqueous metaphosphoric acid.
    It will not depart from the scope of the invention to combine several different chemical additives such as different organic compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (V), (VI) and (VII), the products of reaction of at least one C3-C12 polyol and at least one C2-C12 aldehyde, in particular those comprising a group of formula (IV), and / or different paraffins and / or different polyphosphoric acids in the bitumen base.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the first composition, comprising a bitumen base, of which the core of the granules is composed, comprises from 0.1% to 10% by mass, preferably from 0.5% to 5% by mass , more preferably from 0.5% to 2.5% by mass of chemical additive relative to the total mass of the first composition.
    Olefinic polymer admixture
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the first composition can also comprise at least one olefinic polymeric adjuvant.
    The olefinic polymeric adjuvant is preferably chosen from the group consisting of (a) ethylene / glycidyl (meth) acrylate copolymers; (b) the ethylene / monomer A / monomer B terpolymers and (c) the copolymers resulting from the grafting of a monomer B onto a polymer substrate.
    (a) The ethylene / glycidyl (meth) acrylate copolymers are advantageously chosen from random or block, preferably statistical, copolymers of ethylene and of a monomer chosen from glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate, comprising from 50% to 99.7% by mass, preferably from 60% to 95% by mass, more preferably 60% to 90% by mass of ethylene.
    Text deposition (b) The terpolymers are advantageously chosen from random or block, preferably statistical, terpolymers of ethylene, of a monomer A and of a monomer B.
    The monomer A is chosen from vinyl acetate and C1 to C6 alkyl acrylates or methacrylates.
    The monomer B is chosen from glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate.
    The ethylene / monomer A / monomer B terpolymers comprise from 0.5% to 40% by mass, preferably from 5% to 35% by mass, more preferably from 10% to 30% by mass of units derived from monomer A and, 0.5% to 15% by mass, preferably 2.5% to 15% by mass of units derived from monomer B, the remainder being formed of units derived from ethylene.
    (c) The copolymers result from the grafting of a monomer B chosen from glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate, on a polymer substrate. The polymer substrate consists of a polymer chosen from polyethylenes, in particular low density polyethylenes, polypropylenes, random or block, preferably random copolymers, of ethylene and vinyl acetate and random or block copolymers, preferably random , ethylene and C1 to C6 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, comprising from 40% to 99.7% by mass, preferably from 50% to 99% by mass of ethylene. Said graft copolymers comprise from 0.5% to 15% by mass, preferably from 2.5% to 15% by mass of grafted units originating from monomer B.
    Advantageously, the olefinic polymeric adjuvant is chosen from random terpolymers of ethylene (b), of a monomer A chosen from acrylates or methacrylates of C1-C alkyl, and of a monomer B chosen from acrylate. of glycidyl and glycidyl methacrylate, comprising from 0.5% to 40% by mass, preferably from 5% to 35% by mass, more preferably from 10% to 30% by mass of units derived from monomer A and, from 0 , 5% to 15% by mass, preferably from 2.5% to 15% by mass of units originating from monomer B, the remainder being formed of units originating from ethylene.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the first composition, comprising the bitumen base, of which the core of the granules is composed, comprises from 0.05% to 15% by mass, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight. mass, more preferably from 0.5% to 6% by mass of the olefinic polymeric adjuvant, relative to the total mass of the first composition.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the first composition may also comprise other known additives or other known elastomers for bitumen such as the copolymers SB (block copolymer of styrene and butadiene), SB S (copolymer with styrene-butadiene-styrene blocks), SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene),
    SB S * (styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer in star), SBR (styrene-bbutadiene-rubber), EPDM (ethylene propylene diene modified). These elastomers can also be crosslinked according to any known method, for example with sulfur. Mention may also be made of the elastomers produced from styrene monomers and butadiene monomers allowing crosslinking without crosslinking agent as described in documents WO2007 / 058994, WO2008 / 137394 and by the applicant in patent application WO11 / 013073.
    According to a particular preferred embodiment, the first composition comprises a combination of the chemical additive of formula (II) and the olefinic polymeric adjuvant described above.
    We prefer the combination in which the chemical additive is of formula (II) where m = 0, more preferably where m = 0 and n = 0.
    The combination in which the olefinic polymer adjuvant is chosen from the terpolymers (b) ethylene / monomer A / monomer B described above is also preferred.
    More preferably, the road bitumen comprises the chemical additive of formula (II) where m = 0, more preferably where m = 0 and n = 0 and the olefinic polymer adjuvant chosen from the terpolymers (b) ethylene / monomer A / monomer B described above.
    The anti-caking compound:
    The anti-caking compound is of mineral or organic origin. The term “anti-caking agent” or “anti-caking compound” means any compound which limits, reduces, inhibits, delays, the agglomeration and / or the adhesion of the granules to one another during their transport and / or their storage at temperature. ambient and which ensures their fluidity during their handling.
    More preferably, the anti-caking compound is chosen from: talc; fines, also called fillers, generally with a diameter of less than 125 μm, such as siliceous fines, with the exception of limestone fines; sand such as Fontainebleau sand; cement ; carbon; wood residues such as lignin, lignosulfonate, powders of coniferous needles, powders of coniferous cones, in particular pine; rice husk ash; glass powder; clays such as kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite; alumina such as alumina hydrates; silica; silica derivatives such as silica fumes,
    ICG70113EN Text deposition functionalized silica fumes, in particular hydrophobic or hydrophilic silica fumes, fumed silicas, in particular hydrophobic or hydrophilic fumed silicas, silicates, silicon hydroxides and silicon oxides; plastic powder; lime; the plaster ; rubber blowing snow; polymer powder, such as styrene-butadiene copolymers (SB), styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymers (SB S) and mixtures of these materials. Advantageously, Tanti-agglomerating agent is chosen from talc; fines generally with a diameter of less than 125 µm with the exception of limestone fines, such as siliceous fines; wood residues such as lignin, lignosulfonate, powders of coniferous needles, powders of coniferous cones, in particular pine; glass powder; sand such as Fontainebleau sand; silica fumes, in particular hydrophobic or hydrophilic silica fumes; and their mixtures.
    Viscosifier compound:
    The terms “viscosifier” and “viscosifying compound” are used within the meaning of the invention, in an equivalent manner and independently of one another. By "viscosifier" or "viscosifying compound" is meant a compound which has the property of reducing the fluidity of a liquid or of a composition and therefore of increasing its viscosity.
    The viscosifier within the meaning of the invention is a material which has a dynamic viscosity greater than or equal to 50 mPa.s' 1 , preferably from 50 mPa.s' 1 to 550 mPa.s' more preferably from 80 mPa.s ' 1 to 450 mPa.s' 1 , the viscosity being a Brookfield viscosity measured at 65 ° C. The viscosity of a viscosifier according to the invention is measured at 65 ° C. using a Brookfield CAP 2000+ viscometer and at a speed of rotation of 750 rpm. The measurement is read after 30 seconds for each temperature.
    Preferably, the viscosifier is chosen from:
    - gelling compounds, preferably of plant or animal origin, such as: gelatin, agar-agar, alginates, cellulose derivatives, starches, modified starches, or gellan gums;
    polyethylene glycols (PEG) such as PEG having a molecular weight of between 800 g.mol ' 1 and 8000 g.mol' 1 , such as for example a PEG having a molecular weight of 800 g.mol ' 1 (PEG- 800), a PEG having a molecular weight of 1000 g.mol ' 1 (PEG-1000), a PEG having a molecular weight of 1500 g.mol' 1 (PEG35 1500), a PEG having a molecular weight of 4000 g. mol ' 1 (PEG-4000) or a PEG having a molecular weight of 6000 g.mol' 1 (PEG-6000);
    - mixtures of such compounds.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Advantageously, the viscosifier is chosen from:
    - gelling compounds, preferably of plant or animal origin, such as: gelatin, agar-agar, alginates, cellulose derivatives or gellan gums;
    - polyethylene glycols (PEG) such as PEG having a molecular weight 5 of between 800 g.mol ' 1 and 8000 g.mol' 1 , such as for example a PEG having a molecular weight of 800 g.mol ' 1 (PEG -800), a PEG having a molecular weight of 1000 g.mol ' 1 (PEG-1000), a PEG having a molecular weight of 1500 g.mol' 1 (PEG1500), a PEG having a molecular weight of 4000 g. mol ' 1 (PEG-4000) or a PEG having a molecular weight of 6000 g.mol' 1 (PEG-6000);
    - mixtures of such compounds.
    The coating layer:
    According to a first embodiment of the invention, the coating layer is obtained by application of a composition (second composition) comprising at least one anti-caking compound on all or part of the surface of the core of solid bitumen.
    Preferably, according to this embodiment, the coating layer consists essentially of one or more anti-caking compounds.
    Preferably, according to this embodiment, the bitumen granules 20 comprise from 0.5% to 20% by mass, preferably from 2% to 20% by mass, more preferably from 4% to 15% by mass of a or more anti-caking compounds relative to the total bitumen base mass of the granules.
    According to a second embodiment of the invention, the coating layer is obtained by application of a composition (second composition) comprising at least one viscosifying compound and at least one anti-caking compound on all or part of the surface of the solid bitumen core.
    Preferably, the coating layer, formed from the second composition, is solid at room temperature, including at elevated room temperature.
    Preferably, the second composition, comprising at least one viscosifying compound and at least one anti-caking compound has a viscosity greater than or equal to 200 mPa.s ' 1 , preferably between 200 mPa.s' 1 and 700 mPa.s ' 1 , the viscosity being a Brookfield viscosity.
    Preferably, the second composition comprises at least 10% by mass of at least one viscosifying compound relative to the total mass of the second
    ICG70113FR Text composition deposit, preferably from 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably from 10 to 85% by mass.
    Advantageously, when the vicosifier is a gelling agent, such as for example gelatin, the second composition comprises from 10 to 90% by mass of viscosifying compound relative to the total mass of the second composition, preferably from 15 to 85%, again better from 15 to 60%.
    Advantageously, when the vicosifier is a gelling agent, such as for example gelatin, the second composition comprises from 10 to 90% by mass of anti-caking compound relative to the total mass of the second composition, preferably of
    15 to 85%, even better from 40 to 85%.
    Advantageously, when the vicosifier is a PEG, such as for example a PEG having a molecular weight of between 800 g.mol ' 1 and 8000 g.mol' 1 , the second composition comprises from 10 to 90% by mass of viscosifying compound relative to to the total mass of second composition, preferably from 40 to 90%, even better from
    60 to 90%.
    Advantageously, when the vicosifier is a PEG, such as for example a PEG having a molecular weight of between 800 g.mol ' 1 and 8000 g.mol' 1 , the second composition comprises from 10 to 90% by mass of anti-caking compound relative to the total mass of the second composition, preferably from 10 to 60%, even better from 10 to 40%.
    Preferably, the second composition comprises at least 10% by mass of an anti-caking compound relative to the total mass of the second composition, preferably from 10 to 90% by mass, even more preferably from 15 to 90% by mass .
    Preferably, according to this embodiment, the coating layer represents at least 5% by mass relative to the total mass of the granule, preferably from 10 to 60% by mass, more preferably from 10 to 50%.
    In addition to the viscosifying compound and the anti-caking compound, the second composition forming the coating layer may optionally comprise one or more compounds chosen from: chemical additives, polymers, etc.
    Advantageously, the viscosifying compound and the anti-caking compound represent at least 90% by mass relative to the total mass of the second composition forming the coating layer, even better at least 95% by mass and advantageously at least 98% by mass. .
    According to a preferred embodiment of this second variant, the second composition essentially consists of the viscosifying compound and the anti-caking compound.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Uses of solid bitumen granules
    The granules of solid material, preferably bitumen, obtained by the process of the invention can be used as a road binder.
    The road binder can be used to manufacture asphalt, in combination with aggregates according to any known process.
    Preferably, the granules of solid material at room temperature according to the invention are used for the manufacture of mixes.
    Bituminous mixes are used as materials for the construction and maintenance of road bodies and their coating, as well as for the performance of all road works. Mention may be made, for example, of surface coatings, hot mixes, cold mixes, cold poured mixes, severe emulsions, base, bonding, bonding and surface layers, and other combinations of '' a bituminous binder and road aggregate having particular properties, such as anti-rutting layers, draining asphalt, or asphalts (mixture between a bituminous binder and aggregates of the sand type).
    The granules of solid material, in particular solid bitumen obtained by the process of the invention can be used in a process for the manufacture of mixes comprising at least one road binder and aggregates, the road binder being chosen from the granules of solid material, in particular of bitumens according to the invention, this process comprising at least the steps of:
    - heating the aggregates at a temperature ranging from 100 ° C to 180 ° C, preferably from 120 ° C to 160 ° C,
    - mixing of the aggregates with the road binder in a tank such as a mixer 25 or a mixer drum,
    - obtaining mixes.
    The process of the invention has the advantage of being able to be implemented without prior step of heating the granules of solid material, in particular solid bitumen.
    The asphalt manufacturing process does not require a step of heating the granules of solid material, in particular solid bitumen before mixing with the aggregates because, in contact with the hot aggregates, the solid material, especially the bitumen solid at ambient temperature melts.
    The solid material, in particular the bitumen solid at room temperature obtained by the process according to the invention as described above has the advantage of being able to be added directly to the hot aggregates, without having to be melted before mixing with the hot aggregates. .
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    Preferably, the step of mixing the aggregates and the road binder is carried out with stirring, then stirring is maintained for at most 5 minutes, preferably at most 1 minute to allow a homogeneous mixture to be obtained.
    The solid material, in particular solid bitumen, in the form of granules obtained according to the method of the present invention is remarkable in that it allows the transport and / or storage of solid material, in particular road bitumen, at room temperature in optimal conditions, in particular without agglomeration and / or adhesion of the solid material, in particular solid bitumen, during its transport and / or its storage, even when the ambient temperature is high.
    Furthermore, the coating layer of the granules breaks under the effect of contact with the hot aggregates and of the shearing and it releases the first composition, in particular the bitumen base. Finally, the presence of the coating layer in the mixture of road binder and aggregates does not degrade the properties of said road bitumen for road application, compared to an uncoated bitumen base.
    Method for transporting and / or storing and / or handling solid material usable as a road binder or as a coating binder
    The granules obtained by the process of the invention can be transported and / or stored and / or handled in the form of granules of solid material, in particular bitumen, solid at room temperature.
    The solid material, in particular road bitumen, can be transported and / or stored at a high ambient temperature for a period greater than or equal to 2 months, preferably 3 months.
    Preferably, the high ambient temperature is from 20 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably from 40 ° C to 80 ° C, even more preferably from 40 ° C to 60 ° C .
    The granules of solid material, in particular of bitumen, obtained by the process according to the invention have the advantage of retaining their divided form, and therefore of being able to be handled, after storage and / or transport at a high ambient temperature. In particular, they have the capacity to flow under their own weight without leaking, which allows them to be stored in packaging in bags, drums or containers of all shapes and volumes and then transferred from this packaging to equipment, as site equipment (tank, mixer etc ...).
    The granules of solid material, in particular of bitumen, are preferably transported and / or stored in bulk in bags of 1 kg to 100 kg or from 500 kg to 1000 kg commonly called in the field of road bitumen "Big Bag ",
    ICG70113FR Text deposit said bags are preferably made of hot-melt material. They can also be transported and / or stored in bulk in boxes of 5 kg to 30 kg or in drums of 100 kg to 200 kg.
    The different embodiments, variants, preferences and advantages described above for each of the objects of the invention apply to all of the objects of the invention and can be taken separately or in combination.
    The invention is illustrated by the following examples given without limitation.
    Device
    The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method described above. This device described in FIGS. 1 to 3 is an apparatus for the extrusion in the form of pellets, also called “pastillation”, on a tread, of a fluid mass of solid material at ambient temperature, usable as road binder or as a sealing binder, such as a road bitumen, a pitch, a mother solution for bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder. Such a device constitutes an improvement of the device described in US-4,279,579. This device 1 comprises: a first cylindrical drum 4A disposed above the tread 6 and capable of rotation around a longitudinal axis, said first drum 4A comprising a plurality of first passages 5A through the periphery of the drum 4A, a second cylindrical drum 4B coaxial with the first drum 4A, comprising means 17 making it possible to admit longitudinally into said second drum 4B the mass to be extruded and comprising on a part of its wall a plurality of second passages 5B directed towards the strip of bearing 6 and aligned radially with said first passages 5A, said wall portion 19 being disposed adjacent to said first drum 4A, said first drum 4A being mounted to allow its continuous rotation through 360 ° around the longitudinal axis with respect to said second drum 4B so that the relative rotation between said drums 4A and 4B sequentially produces a defect of alignment and alignment of the first passages 5A and second passages 5B to allow the fluid mass to move radially outward through the aligned passages, 5A, 5B and on the tread 6A, this device further comprising, as illustrated in figure 1:
    a tank 11 equipped with heating means (not shown), and stirring means 13, making it possible to bring the container of the tank 11 to the fluid state,
    - a channel, or several injection channels 3 allowing the transfer of the fluid bitumen composition 2 inside the second drum 4B,
    Text repository
    a reservoir 14 into which an additive composition 15 can be introduced, the reservoir 14 being connected to the injection channel 3 through an injector 16 and allowing an injection of the additive composition 15 into the bitumen composition 2 at the level of channel 3, located downstream of the reservoir 11 and upstream of the double drum 4.
    As described in US Pat. No. 4,279,579, preferably, this device further comprises a spatula for removing excess mass from the perimeter of said first drum 4A, said spatula being directed towards said first drum 4A generally in the direction of rotation thereof, said spatula being firmly pressed against the perimeter of said first drum 4A in the region of said first passages 5A so as to scrape excess mass in said first passages 5A.
    As described in US Pat. No. 4,279,579, preferably, the first passages 4A offset on the circumference are connected to each other by grooves arranged along the periphery of the first drum 4A.
    As described in US-4,279,579, preferably, each groove extends in a spiral direction, each groove connecting the openings which are in parallel planes which are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the drum and which are on different imaginary lines longitudinal extending along the periphery of said first drum.
    The invention also relates to a device for the extrusion of drops of a fluid mass on a tread 6, said device comprising: a first cylindrical drum 4A comprising a plurality of first passages 5A, a second cylindrical drum 4B disposed inside said first drum 4A and comprising a plurality of second passages 5B, means 17 for admitting a fluid material into said second drum 4B, means for producing relative rotation between said drums 4A, 4B, for periodically aligning said first passages 4A and second passages 4B, for depositing drops 7 of fluid material through passages 4A, 4B, and on the conveyor 6, said first and second drums 4A, 4B being mounted to separate radially from each other during said relative rotation so as to form a gap between said first and second drums 4A, 4B under negative pressure at a location opposite to th mplacement where the passages are aligned regularly, so as to suck in the mass of excess material in said passages 5A of said first drum 4A, this device further comprising, as illustrated in Figure 1:
    a tank 11 equipped with heating means (not shown), and stirring means 13, making it possible to bring the container of the tank 11 to the fluid state,
    Text repository
    - a channel, or several injection channels 3 allowing the transfer of the fluid bitumen composition 2 inside the second drum 4B,
    a reservoir 14 into which an additive composition 15 can be introduced, the reservoir 14 being connected to the injection channel 3 through an injector 16 and allowing an injection of the additive composition 15 into the bitumen composition 2 at the level of channel 3, located downstream of the reservoir 11 and upstream of the double drum 4.
    As described in US Pat. No. 4,279,579, preferably, said interstice is formed by a recess in the periphery of the second drum 5B, the outside diameter of said recess being less than the inside diameter of said first drum 5 A.
    As described in US-4,279,579, preferably, the device comprises a spatula in contact with the periphery of the first drum to push the excess material in the first passages 5A, said spatula being disposed in the region of said interstice.
    As described in US Pat. No. 4,279,579, preferably, the device comprises a tight connection around the periphery of the cover of the first drum 4B to cover the sector formed by the gap.
    As described in US-4,279,579, preferably, the cover is bordered at its longitudinal ends by curved guide ribs having an outline corresponding to that of the first drum.
    As described in US-4,279,579, preferably, the guide strips include front ends which are bevelled longitudinally inwardly to direct the excess material towards the spatula.
    As described in US-4,279,579, preferably, the first drum 4A is capable of rotation.
    Examples
    Material and methods
    The rheological and mechanical characteristics of the bitumens referred to in these examples are measured as shown in Table 1.
    Table 1
    Property Abbreviation Unit Measurement standard Needle penetration at 25 ° C P25 1/10 mm NL EN 1426 Softening temperatureball and ring TBA ° C NL EN 1427
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    The variation of the ball and ring softening temperature (TB A) is measured according to standard NF EN 1427 of said composition between the sample extracted from the upper part of the sample tube and the sample extracted from the lower part of the tube of sample.
    Experimental part :
    The bitumen base B 2 is prepared from:
    - a bitumen base of grade 35/50, noted Bi, having a P25 penetrability of 34
    1/10 mm and a TBA of 52.6 ° C and commercially available from the TOTAL group under the brand AZALT®;
    - 1, 10 decanoic acid noted as acid.
    The quantities in percentage by mass used for each bitumen are indicated in table 2 below.
    Table 2
    Bitumen b 2 Bitumen base B 2 98.5% Hydrazide Acid 1.5% SBS - Crosslinking Scavenger P25 (1/10 mm) 14 TBA (° C) 93
    The quantity of additives for each bitumen is adjusted so as to obtain bitumens having equivalent mechanical properties, in particular a similar P25 penetration and a TBA.
    The bitumen is prepared in the following manner.
    Granules were obtained by implementing the process of the invention from a bituminous composition B 2 previously obtained by introduction of the bitumen base B 2 into a reactor maintained at 160 ° C with stirring at 300 rpm for two hours, then the introduction of the acid into the reactor and then the contents of the reactor are maintained at 160 ° C. with stirring at 300 rpm for 1 hour.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    The bituminous composition B 2 thus obtained is then poured into the tank 11 of the device 1 and maintained at a temperature between 130 and 160 ° C.
    A nozzle or several injection nozzles 3 allows (tent) the transfer of the bitumen composition B 2 inside the double pastillation drum 4 comprising an external rotary drum, the two drums being equipped with slots, nozzles and d orifices allowing the pastillation of bitumen drops 7 through the first fixed drum and orifices 5 having a diameter between 2 and 8 mm from the rotary external drum. Under the effect of the substantially homogeneous internal pressure inside the double drum 4 of the device 1, the drops 7 of diameter between
    2 and 8 mm are pelletized regularly through the orifices 5. The bitumen drops 7 are deposited on the upper face 6A of a tread 6, horizontal, driven by the rollers 12A and 12B, and one end of which is placed under the double drum 4. The tangential speed Vt of the double drum 4 is parallel to the tread 6 and in the same direction as the speed Vr of the tread
    6 with Vr and Vt being substantially identical and having a speed Vt = 3 m / minute. The tread 6 with a length of 10 m and a width of 60 cm is equipped with four thermal conditioning devices 8 respectively on two sections SI and S2 comprising nozzles 8, 9 for spraying water, on the underside 6B of the tread 6. The section SI conditions the tread 6 at room temperature (22-28 ° C), and the section S2 cools the tread to a temperature below 20 ° C. At the end of the tread opposite the double drum 4, the bitumen drops 7 are transferred to receiving means 10 consisting of a storage device being "big bags". Bitumen granules were obtained according to the process described above. These granules are solid at room temperature.
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Process for manufacturing material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder, solid at room temperature in the form of granules
    5 comprising a core (7) based on a first composition (2) and optionally a coating layer based on a second composition, the first composition comprising at least one material chosen from: a bitumen base, a pitch, a clear binder, this process comprising the implementation of a device (1) intended for granulation which comprises at least two coaxial drums (4) and a strip of
    10 horizontal bearing (6): a fixed internal drum comprising at least one orifice and a rotary external drum comprising a plurality of orifices (5), the drums being placed above one end of the tread (6), horizontal, driven by a speed Vr, this process comprising at least:
    (i) heating the first composition to a temperature at which it
    15 is fluid, (ii) the introduction of the first composition (2) in the fluid state into the inner drum of the granulation device (1), (iii) the distribution of the first composition (2) to the outside , in the form of drops (7) through the orifices (5) of the external rotary drum,
    (Iv) depositing the drops (7) on the tread (6), and (v) optionally coating the drops (7) with the second composition.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, which further comprises, after step (iv) between steps (iv) and (v), a step (iv ’) of cooling the drops (7) of
    25 the first composition (2).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the cooling (iv ’) is carried out by means of a temperature gradient on the tread (6).
    30
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to claim 3, in which the tread (6) is conditioned at different temperatures over several sections (SI), ... (Si) of its course, with i an integer ranging from 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4 by thermal conditioning means (8,9).
    ICG70113FR Text Repository
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the rotary external drum of the device (1) has orifices (5) in
    5 diameter ranging from 2 to 8 mm, preferably from 3 to 7 mm, even better from 3.5 to 6 mm.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which in step (i) the first composition (2) is brought to a temperature ranging from 100 to 180 ° C, preferably from 120 to 160 ° C, again better from 130 to 150 ° C.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the speed Vr of the tread (6) is less than 4 m / min.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the material which can be used as a road binder or as a sealing binder is chosen from: a bitumen composition, a pitch, a clear binder, a bitumen / polymer mother solution , a clear binder / polymer stock solution.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first composition comprising at least one material chosen from: a bitumen base, a pitch, a clear binder, a bitumen / polymer composition, a clear binder / polymer composition, a bitumen / polymer stock solution; a clear binder / polymer mother solution; a mixture of these materials.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first composition (2) further comprises at least one chemical additive chosen from: an organic compound, a paraffin, a polyphosphoric acid and their mixtures.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Use of the method according to any one of the preceding claims for manufacturing a composition of material usable as road binder or as coating binder, solid at room temperature, which has a
    ICG70113FR Text deposit Transport and storage stability at a temperature ranging from 20 to 80 ° C for a period greater than or equal to 2 months, preferably greater than or equal to 3 months.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Device usable for implementing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which comprises at least: a first cylindrical drum (4A) disposed above the tread (6) and capable of rotation about a longitudinal axis (XX), said first drum (4A) comprising a plurality of first passages (5A) through the periphery of the drum (4A, a second cylindrical drum (4B) coaxial with the first drum (4A), comprising
    10 means (17) allowing the mass to be extruded longitudinally into said second drum (4B) and comprising, on a part of its wall (19), a plurality of second passages (5B) directed towards the tread (6) and radially aligned with said first passages (5A), said wall portion (19) being disposed adjacent to said first drum (4A), said first drum (4A) being mounted for
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    15 allow its continuous rotation over 360 ° about the longitudinal axis (XX) relative to said second drum (4B) so that the relative rotation between said drums (4A) and (4B) sequentially produces a defect of alignment and alignment of the first passages (5A) and second passages (5B) to allow the fluid mass to move radially outward through the aligned passages,
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    20 (5 A), (5B) and on the tread (6A), this device further comprising:
    - a tank 11 equipped with heating means, and stirring means (13),
    - a channel, or several injection channels (3) allowing the transfer of the composition contained in the reservoir (11) inside the second drum 4B through the intake means (17),
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    25 this device being characterized in that it comprises:
    - a reservoir (14) into which an additive composition (15) can be introduced, the reservoir (14) being connected to the injection channel (3) through an injector (16) and allowing injection of the composition of additives (15) in the composition of bitumen (2) at the injection channel (3), located downstream of the tank (11) and in
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    30 upstream of the double drum (4).
    1/2
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2018046837A1|2018-03-15|
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    法律状态:
    2017-08-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-03-09| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180309 |
    2018-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-08-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-08-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-09-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1658335A|FR3055568B1|2016-09-08|2016-09-08|PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF GRANULES FOR USE AS A ROAD BINDER OR SEALING BINDER AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME|
    FR1658335|2016-09-08|FR1658335A| FR3055568B1|2016-09-08|2016-09-08|PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING MATERIAL IN THE FORM OF GRANULES FOR USE AS A ROAD BINDER OR SEALING BINDER AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME|
    US16/331,879| US11198105B2|2016-09-08|2017-09-05|Method for manufacturing material in the form of granules that can be used as road binder or sealing binder and device for manufacturing same|
    PCT/FR2017/052346| WO2018046837A1|2016-09-08|2017-09-05|Method for manufacturing material in the form of granules that can be used as road binder or sealing binder and device for manufacturing same|
    EP17780793.0A| EP3509735A1|2016-09-08|2017-09-05|Method for manufacturing material in the form of granules that can be used as road binder or sealing binder and device for manufacturing same|
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